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00:00:01
my outline is seven points but u. c. l. gonna do them very quickly so don't worry
00:00:07
uh i i will start with a l. a.'s predicament then say
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something about switzerland only organisation dilemma then talk a bit about
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the words walking metropolis which will lead me to challenge the type of powers ontology that l. a. has been
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constructing a and then i will go into themes that dominique uh uh
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talked about introduced earlier about from secular already and someone okay
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so l. a.'s predicament and very quickly we we kind of all know
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it especially in the room like this it's a funny i read
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uh there's a bowl surrounded uh by mountains and ocean oh it was
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uh and that became filled to the brim with a five thousand square mile make a lot less
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which is actually the the extending almost down to san diego in a kind of continuous
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urban isolation a a sprawling organisation dynamic density of
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more than two and a half thousand inhabitants per square mile um
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and i'm sustainable resource got solar and you have a great
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drawing here by a number and l. a. critic uh
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and i in particular a long distance water grabber that would be a lot to
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say about the catastrophic effect of l. a. on the whole california water situation
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i'm in short it's uh and purpose seen nightmare
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uh this is what the the the the place now looks like from the from the air uh so there's indeed
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a question whether this is still nature with is it's still uh it's
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human it's both it looks like a tennis i forgot human nature
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sorry uh and in a sense uh and many uh and
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really knows agree with this it's like kind of
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disaster that's hopelessly headed for very probable systemic collapse have a quote down here by
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by two american scholars uh of of urban sustainability day in hall they say in a
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number of ways the predicament of modern southwest in california is history with large
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in the story of the ancestral pueblo we've been here before innocence
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some recent research this is what the money was saying predicts the droughts in this century
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will be more severe than those experienced by the ancient playbook people
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who solicitation also collapsed uh many hundreds of years ago
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so the question here is kansas was perfection come to
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the rescue of this for impoverished the american metropolis
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uh we would tend there's an apples tendency in this country say well yes of course well
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maybe but not so fast uh we have problems are on
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and so uh there's a clear i mean this is also pretty clear
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to most of you maybe but let me just recap a bit
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there's an organisation dilemma very clear when in switzerland uh can to a confederation
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of twenty seven and a half cantons divide it into nine by regions
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or alternatively six major water sets
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uh it's an urban or oral rule mesh work between caught between two mountain ranges
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uh
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a densely populated start land a sink which into in english
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is translated into its single continuous metropolis mixed with countryside
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that lunch rights
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uh but in this will be very important in this has been very impressive to the angeline as i talked to this about
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uh it has one of the world's best we can we say that uh inter urban net
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transport networks and improper or been a transport networks
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especially concerning rail road also regulars really
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a major asset to this was the ability landscape this is
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not new for you uh and so uh this this
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and get my question now uh in this country how do we plan control our urban
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future do we system systematically intensify compact
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defy our urban landscapes um
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do we uh in the spirit of the of the zurich uh
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a team there's a rig plan let's call it that way
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uh do a re zoning into specific functions
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um metropolitan regions city networks but then also the
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notorious an infamous to some of us clients on the
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alpine follows the alpine resorts in a kinda
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hyper generalisation of this was territory is this what we should be doing well
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we've been uh talking about this a lot uh the the past year and and and pollen her
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team of of really made me see some very interesting aspects of a possible third way
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uh between the sprawl the kind of sprawling
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fragmentation which is las present and
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maybe switzerland's future the kind of uh you know scarecrow of swiss organisation
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uh or the other extreme witches hypertensive vacation
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which might very well lead to an ideology of two allies each of the territory but
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also like kind of balkan is asian literature into zones which is what summons
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present in the sense already uh and uh with the with the policies being followed
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and which might be perhaps l. a.'s future if if these followed today's swiss model
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well there might be a third way between these two extremes to rethink urban form by
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conserving existing structures and infrastructures recycling them as
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a renewable resource and this is what
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the idea of applause onto metropolis as i said pioneered by paola and and don't know those sticky and others
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uh tries to convey uh the idea is that and i i'm gonna
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quote here uh a long passage from the lab you um
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documentation the horse not to metropolis refers to closely interlinked cool penetrating and
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a a role or brown rounds communication transporting economic systems
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it's a layer church road construction or agriculture non agriculture economic activity screed in original mix
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and the result metropolis works as an agent of transformation
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as court uh and a place of potentially elegy
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it's there's it's a natural capital as well as a special indeed
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if you look at this was territory it is layered church road construction with agriculture not
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i call directive is really creating many types of original mixed between the specific
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uh it's in many ways uh we can say this was urban capital is still a very
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it's kind of um and uh an example of of uh what many people are are envy now uh
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as they you know it's either on the urban disasters the
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accumulating we have natural capital as well as spatial capital
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it's a closely interlinked core penetrating uh uh us
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mesh of urban and rural rounds communication
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transport an economic systems very clearly and and so the idea uh in this uh
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project like was to a chat use this course of metropolis
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a concept or set of constellation of ideas
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notions to challenge l. a.'s for centrality
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now very clearly i lay these days is characterised that we that we would call
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scattered or centrality low density or something metropolis it it is in a sense
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horizontal metropolis except it's not because it's it's written it's
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destroyed it's it's eaten up by automobile induced fragmentation
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and so uh um what i find extremely hope inducing in in
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a horizontal metropolis concept is the idea i saw tripping
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as a type of or some tele t. that is not scattered okay
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i'd the tropic means uniform in all directions but you can have different ways of being uniform in all directions i. e.
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maybe the but this was the urban couples still contains which is the
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very high quality in all directions or what the l. a.
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you know or totality entails which is pretty much nothing in all directions except if
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you go fifty miles uh uh uh with your car or an extremely
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differentiated type of er centrality were some parts of the lock in many parts of nothing
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okay so we don't need just i thought choppy i i told myself and i was
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i've been you know a a couple of times now what we need is actual
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urban fractal switches is uh is expression that which is register my mother said that be
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introducing so we we don't need the left side with the the right side
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factors in which it's meaningful to live without having to go fifty miles to to get what you need
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and the swiss tradition of dense or centrality pretty much
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offers that not perfectly but it's uh uh palaces something which
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i think is is extremely productive is that we here
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in this country have something to offer in terms of high
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quality i thought would be not nearly fragmented isotopic
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okay uh what l. a. is has been doing in a kind of organic emergent chaotic non
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planned way although some and really know urban uh organised to
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claim there's been planning it's true that there has been
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some but overall that that this circle dynamics of the laces
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eighteen fifties has been kind of an organic anarchic
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growth in all directions which is led to a kind of
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sprawling or centrality in other type of expression it so
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to put it another way yet and we do need we're struggling with words would need
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concepts to kind of catch the differences between the different types of our centrality uh
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it's a distorted aloe choppy which means it's it's not
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high quality it's not isotopic in that in that sense but
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it's car driven an oral driven spatial in justice
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okay you have the means to have a car access to a lot of oil you can live there although
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you destroyed environment around you but who cares if you don't even have access to car you are actually
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you know miserable in this in the city like away it's like having no shoes in in switzerland
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so the idea is to take a cue from switzerland high quality i thought should be
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to counteract l. a.'s store that a lot for p. and to try to imagine and this is the
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you know the whole aspect that you took aspect of the the the project uh
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isotopic selves i know organised on like the this
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is kind of outdated graphical presentation okay yeah
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we do we can uh especially if you have to look on the internet for
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images to use 'em to make each cell as existential isa staining as
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possible this means we have to look at notions of autonomy
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localisation local project for example uh the one one uh mid nineties idea although not everything but
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some some aspect of that are interesting and promote security so we would need a
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it kind of network it interconnected network of promise circular exist actually sustaining
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because settlements this is what i presented to the people in l. a. as an alternative
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okay when you drive where they think well what the hell is this guy talking about what we're talking about your topic you're talking about visions so
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why not okay so envisioning another l. a. means uh having some
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steps i suggested twenty twenty and then a twenty forty
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one of the main aspects i talked about rail before one of
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the main aspects and there's a pretty strong consensus in alternative
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l. a. urban isn't today i found out is that we need to street car back
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uh l. a. until the nineteen twenties had a one of the u. s. a. is best urban street car system
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uh uh which was a simply lost and a and the the so
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called real discipline that when the street car the fact that
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you had relatively dense settlement around the you know metro stations should
00:13:08
try stations and then it's like the and i said tropic
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a settlement patter round these nodes disappeared completely uh starting in twenties
00:13:18
to turn all the famous autumn be into sprawl that
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was not actually created by conspiracy by general motors
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but actually buy a real estate appetites in real estate uh a speculation in uh like
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uh so what we would the first uh a step would be to go back forward if you like into
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the past the valet nineteen twenty to bring back the street car on the horizon of twenty forty
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and we would have a streetcar induced isotopic horizontal metropolis it's already starting las started
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to rebuild new a metro uh lines it's track that's struggling to do so
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and that but but it the result of that could be that we would have that downtown
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which would be a core crossroads centre not no longer what it is today in l. a. which is that
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to disaster of poverty it has a skid row it has
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it has abandoned buildings has some nice places is completely
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run down and a coherent local neighbourhood centres
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not satellites that needs it were people need to drive all over the city
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to find things that coherent a local neighbourhood centres and then uh well
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i guess during the seventy years after twenty forty it would have to be
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a it's rather build up around these this new braille discipline this we could real discipline
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uh that's full ago future where the streetcar real
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discipline would gradually generate full local urban freckles
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as because settlements this is the this is the idea with which i'm i'm working which i suggest some
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of us could work at that lab you uh and one of the one of the pioneers here
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apart from our present colours of course is uh uh which would register
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i don't know if some of you know him use and uh oakland california architect organised
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whereas worked all his life on the notion of eco city uh
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there are several rules here we would have to make each urban factors isotopic as
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high quality as possible this is what's what's an can really be a model
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we would need to create an optimal balance of closer an openness the idea is not to close all
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a fractal as as as as as close entities but switzerland
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is not an example of that we clearly have massive
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communication fluidity between freckles and so registers because city approach
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combined with whale discipline could really get is
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moving in the direction of the vision that's not completely delirious although
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it's distant from the present but it's it's not completely delirious
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a register has written a lot about this approach is to find it
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because city he's shown that it involves a set of because
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the fractal so there's an emphasis on post card post fossil fuels
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things that we've already been studying here doesn't interest in traditional
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a ways of building in inhabiting including the pueblo the techniques of of suppressed in america
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uh so the the notion of earth ship for example that's being developed in in new mexico
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by uh mike reynolds could be extremely interesting here to develop supplements
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that don't need a gigantic infrastructures in order to function
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uh in a country where infrastructure investment cannot be made massively right now
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uh there'd be any insist on the strong by regional anchoring of the upper
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meters of settlements okay so if we combine in switzerland urban heritage
00:16:45
and california speed of innovation we could really get in because thirty network where
00:16:50
communication travel trade infrastructure sharing an interest sediments solidarity would exist
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but in a much more swiss way then it's than it is now okay
00:17:02
so on the way to that so some concepts to which the mini you alluded what we
00:17:08
need is clearly a permanent circular because sitting at work not merely a circular metabolism
00:17:16
which keeps growing you don't need a circular mega city i'm sorry to say
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uh we need it permanently one planted regenerating network uh because settlement
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the challenge is to go down to one planet footprint
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okay so what we need is that is promised circular metabolism switch
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reduce the flows of matter because that's the told us that earlier
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and so uh what i would defend the uh to california officials
00:17:45
is to create a permit circular california or public which means
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go down from five point one two one uh_huh uh uh over the over the century
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massive reduction use stuff like that what what's possible in terms of technology
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uh and in our book with the mini we've uh set out
00:18:04
the model for that um i mean extremely convincing way
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uh and so the idea is that whichever way you want organise things what matters is that at the end
00:18:14
uh the decreasing permitted ecological footprint is not overstepped any given yours you you need a profile of
00:18:21
the growth of the footprints not of product you could do whatever you want it's the footprint that has to do you grow
00:18:28
that is not ideology that is science that is just fact
00:18:33
five point one ecological footprint is simply not viable it's insane
00:18:39
okay uh so what actually what i think but the climate and other denials have
00:18:44
in mind is they they don't want this crap that's what they don't want
00:18:49
'cause it scares them and then to make permits regularity work to let me
00:18:53
just throw a few slogans that you 'cause my time is up
00:18:57
we need population d. growth not cracking down on immigration but
00:19:01
anchoring demographics in ecological footprint anchoring uh accounting sorry
00:19:07
one a global hector per inhabitant one point seven that's about all we get
00:19:13
uh we uh can we we need to recycle infrastructures structures and
00:19:17
ways of life as renewable resource so not just urban retrofitting
00:19:21
but radically re purpose thing we enlightening what has died or been art social creativity
00:19:27
i saw that you guys are working on that that's that's really super important
00:19:32
uh we need to resort oil all urban freckles i think i think uh and uh
00:19:37
this call you're gonna say something right afterwards about that so not merely a kind of bit of
00:19:43
urban agriculture but genuinely re in measuring uh that we're rural and urban
00:19:49
we need to post apostle paul's car because city we need to reduce the need
00:19:54
and desire from ability i'm sorry but some of it has to go
00:19:58
sorry colour you know we've been bickering about that but uh
00:20:04
uh california can tap into the southwest a native american
00:20:08
was them i have i'm working a lot on that right now i want uh go into the details
00:20:13
uh and california has a whole by regional started should could really come
00:20:17
in handy twin vision and l. a. by region california has
00:20:21
several by regions there's been some mapping the uh in terms of watersheds in the
00:20:26
l. a. region of ground water basins uh and we would have to
00:20:33
kinda compute or invasion the boundaries of the different because supplements in the in the network
00:20:39
partly in dodge honestly through through chat analysis
00:20:43
uh to in order not to have a administrative boundaries but boundaries which makes
00:20:49
sense in uh in in terms of this coherence that talked about earlier
00:20:53
and so in conclusion the organism of hope that i'm that i
00:20:57
was presenting in a way that i kind of encapsulated here
00:21:00
is a combination of the us california and a swiss virtues i think there's a lot to be said for that
00:21:08
uh uh i don't think it would be particularly high tech triumph i'm sorry to say
00:21:13
and this is maybe the kinda down or in a place like this one
00:21:17
uh for some uh not in this room maybe but all around us
00:21:23
it would be more like a one planet footprint because the network with but what
00:21:28
we called appropriate technologies is a lot of work to be done about
00:21:32
reducing the thickness fear in a meaningful way not just to be you know uh
00:21:39
living in caves not all but to to to go to what's that objective
00:21:44
of one planet footprint in and in a network of eco cities

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Conference Program

MOT DE BIENVENUE
Vincent KAUFMANN, Professeur de sociologie urbaine et d'analyse de la mobilité EPFL Lausanne
Sept. 20, 2017 · 8:55 a.m.
280 views
INTRODUCTION
Paola VIGANÒ, Directrice du Laboratoire d’Urbanisme, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne
Sept. 20, 2017 · 8:59 a.m.
675 views
INTRODUCTION
Elena COGATO LANZA, Présidente du Conseil de la Fondation Braillard Architectes
Sept. 20, 2017 · 9:02 a.m.
415 views
INTRODUCTION
Panos Mantziaras, Directeur de la Fondation Braillard Architectes
Sept. 20, 2017 · 9:09 a.m.
426 views
URBANISME ET ENJEUX DE LONG TERME
Dominique Bourg, Philosophe, professeur - Institut de géographie et durabilité, Faculté des géosciences et de l'environnement, Unil
Sept. 20, 2017 · 9:20 a.m.
383 views
BETWEEN “ARCOLOGY,” THE “LOCAL PROJECT” AND THE «HORIZONTAL METROPOLIS»: CONFRONTING THE DILEMMAS OF SUSTAINABLE URBAN HORIZONTALITY
Christian ARNSPERGER, Economiste, directeur de l’Institut de Géographie et Durabilité, faculté des Géosciences et de l’Environnement, Université de Lausanne
Sept. 20, 2017 · 9:59 a.m.
275 views
RE-ENCHANTING ARCHITECTURE LA NATURE COMPLEXE DU PROCESSUS DE CRÉATION EN ARCHITECTURE
Aliki-Myrto PERYSINAKI, Docteur en Architecture et Ville, Senior Lecturer en Architecture, Université Liverpool John Moores, membre du laboratoire Architecture, Milieu, Paysage (MCC)
Sept. 20, 2017 · 10:22 a.m.
345 views
THE PRINCIPLE OF HOPE AS A PHILOSOPHICAL ‘CHALLENGE’ TO CONTEMPORARY URBAN THEORY
Brent PATTERSON, PhD student, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS). Teacher at ENSA Paris-Malaquais and ENSA Paris-La Villette
Sept. 20, 2017 · 11:12 a.m.
643 views
TERRITORIAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING: LOCAL ACTORS’ INVOLVEMENT FOR A SHARED VISION AND PLANNING. A BIAS FOR HOPE
Gioacchino GAROFOLI, Economist, Full Professor in Economic Policy at Insubria University, Italy
Sept. 20, 2017 · 11:38 a.m.
169 views
DU SOL COMME OEUVRE, AU SOL COMME ARCHIVE DE L’ACTION HUMAINE. MICROHISTOIRE D’UN PRINCIPE D’ESPÉRANCE À TRAVERS DEUX TEXTES DU PÉDOLOGUE DAN H. YAALON
Antoine VIALLE, Architecte, doctorant, assistant au Laboratoire d’Urbanisme, EPFL
Sept. 20, 2017 · 12:11 p.m.
816 views
DISCUSSION avec SÉBASTIEN MAROT
Sept. 20, 2017 · 12:34 p.m.
533 views
LA PROSPECTIVE URBAINE À PAU (PYRÉNÉES ATLANTIQUES). LE GRAND ÉCART ENTRE PROJETS ÉDILITAIRES ET HORIZONS D’ATTENTE.
Jean ATTALI, Philosophe, professeur honoraire en urbanisme et projet urbain à l’ENSA Paris-Malaquais, chercheur associé de l’UMR AUSser / CNRS n° 3329.
Sept. 20, 2017 · 2:26 p.m.
264 views
DES RÉSERVES FONCIÈRES AUX ZONES VERTES : PROJETS ET CONTRE-PROJETS D’URBANISATION CONTRIBUANT À LA FORMATION DES SITES SEMI-NATURELS BRUXELLOIS
Séréna VANBUTSELE, Architecte-urbaniste, docteur en Art de bâtir et urbanisme, Université Catholique de Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique
Sept. 20, 2017 · 2:54 p.m.
284 views
DÉSAPPRENDRE D’ATHÈNES / URBAN KAÏROS
Marc ARMENGAUD, Philosophe, urbaniste, membre fondateur et directeur de AWP, maître assistant titulaire au sein du département Ville Architecture Territoire à l’Ecole d’Architecture ENSA Paris-Malaquais
Sept. 20, 2017 · 3:14 p.m.
426 views
DÉCRIRE POUR AGIR. DE LA NÉCESSITÉ DE PROBLÉMATISER LE TERRITOIRE DE LA VILLE CONGOLAISE
Géry LELOUTRE, Architecte-urbaniste, chargé de cours, doctorant, centre de recherche LoUIsE, Faculté d’Architecture de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles / Università IUAV
Sept. 20, 2017 · 4:04 p.m.
410 views
DISCUSSION avec PANOS MANTZIARAS
Panel
Sept. 20, 2017 · 4:32 p.m.
338 views
PROPOS LIMINAIRE : DE L’ART DE LA MÉMOIRE À L’ART D’ESPÉRER
Sébastien MAROT, Philosophe, professeur invité à l’Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Sept. 20, 2017 · 5:01 p.m.
2443 views
CONCLUSIONS DE LA JOURNÉE avec PANOS MANTZIARAS et PAOLA VIGANÒ
Panos Mantziaras, Directeur de la Fondation Braillard Architectes
Sept. 20, 2017 · 6:04 p.m.
185 views