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running everybody and welcome to the to this meeting uh on that michael bowman the
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intestine of 'cause i know i cannot avoid chewing mice at the beginning and
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uh so a big thank you to the people of organised is uh too much spectra
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the harness liquid and of course the theme ha and of course the nest
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led to him to put this meeting so it's very important that
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uh uh uh a company like nestle is being exposed
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to the latest science uh has to have
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a critical discussion about some issues which have been developing over the last years and of cause
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good question uh michael but homes and how michael palms and and
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fruit influence so helpless and and and immunity in general
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of course very important so i wanted to
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oh stop this a little bit to serve personally annexed help when i started known
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laboratory many years ago in toronto this one moved back to to your work
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uh i was actually on the p. h. p. committee of a young student
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and he was studying diabetes and obesity in the particular a mouse time
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so that publish lots of nice papers and that describe nice final
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types and all of a sudden the final type completely disappeared
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so for two years nobody in this laboratory could actually produce
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any of the findings which had been done before so this was of course uh yeah the
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see this issue for me being a young faculty member of university of
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toronto's of what was going on so this was in the mid
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ninety is and the solution to the problem actually was in
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two years earlier they had to change the water supply
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and there's supply of water was actually changing the p. h. of trouble to
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and to page of the hope that we would probably now
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all conclude changes the composition of the michael bowman
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and this was like with the solution of the issues with the change table to back
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to the old one and we'll our next day the mice got diabetes again
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so this was kind of an early entry into some saying which we at that time believe to cancel
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servicing this genetic sandwiches make more markov models of the data and we can explain the world
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and of course it was a little more complicated and of course for me also is it time to my knowledge is
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we always knew that for instance a a no the mice
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mice which is susceptible to diabetes i have very different
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not types and different laboratories in one laboratory they got that way only in the next one that basically
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didn't get it at all and so i think over the years we came to grips was
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but but there's something more than genetics there's something more than happy genetics is
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another important what in an awful the which is of course sculpted
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by nutrition um a water supplies and many many other little sayings
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so if a little introduction to the uh intestine and
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and this meeting i think would be spectacular or
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this this because we lined up and and have been lined up by on this in this teen
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i will give a very good inside what's going on in terms of defining michael built a uh_huh
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of what the might be doing in house indices of this is a changing over time
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just to give a little idea so you know visually of us we could probably play
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m. s. soccer game uh they got so fast because it's it's quite some
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some a large uh it so phase and i just want to
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show you this movie because i love it a form
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form a hans clay was laps over the last years below the lot i'll pick up
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this thing built one can actually come home and find to stem cell so
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and i've worked for many people and uh uh from hans point sense when the
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small intestine the the light and then one can fly into the crypt yeah
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uh this themselves and of cause every day in out tests in the
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main is cells which diane many cells which one up one
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in this little place here that this time so it l. g. of five positive self
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the somehow colonel morley expand the intestine and and basically
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have a conveyor belt of new cell so
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one can even take them a clone band and make little cats so could mean
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the guardsmen it work under its which of course really interesting for research
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one can make a pancreas snout of them live out of that and many
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other tissues in it in the end up is this beautiful little saying
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and there's a mighty this even anymore spinning around it
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i think i need to show you know again
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uh_huh that's really hans labels were busy little guy
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so that's basically what we're dealing with is a very complex uh uh issue
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and of course to cells don't live by themselves so the the live for this
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the topic of this meeting uh yeah that's probably a really and
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uh and we might uh about the like the state of most speakers
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uh i appeal under false and and and to scully alley
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uh about like the status of the box probably ten
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times more octavia living this our cocks then
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and then our full tilt cell numbers uh and of course
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inflates holes metabolism uh there's some data the influence behaviour
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uh there's some really cool data into soft filler another's pieces a lot of
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uh apparently the putting it in the cup influence sexual behaviour so
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so mating behaviour preference of mates so be careful about it in the evening here
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uh uh of course house and susceptibility to disease
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and over the years uh of course people of fig about the as and this is
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a michael bolton living this us intestine mm contributes to lots of of jeans and
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and uh it's get enough can once said that this book to relieving the salsa to chemists
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they can do spectacular chemistry can just leave each we kind of grew
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providers of cause a new tool isn't there is lots
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of advantages breaking down fruit components uh helping
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to provide vitamins for body and of course there's microbe romans was on
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this winter will probably give you much better introduction to this
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it's being sculpted by and by life experiences of course the first
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big life experiences purse uh_huh so that probably differences between back in oppose
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and goes to see section or because part of the early my couple ms actually comment but
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from from the time of the mother and the baby is born is a very important issues of of of
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helps probably in the future uh but breast feeding in particular show because
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which are in the in the mail a big scalp to
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michael bole move cause the fruit we eat carp in the my
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trouble and this is i think a very important issue
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for companies like an estimate of for process fruit because of course over evolution
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uh the the is the population have basically not you processed
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food yeah the fruit was like this material and uh
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and for instance in this example here in c. v. to certain bacteria
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which people have always been eating if them up in process the not
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inactivated in this bacteria actually campaigns for the d. n. a.
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two party of a living in our uh intestine and but doing so
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the the there's does permanent gene transfer going on and of cause
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the michael bulb and uh is is uh
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and to all these new d. n. a. in doubt was new
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chemical capabilities in this case uh_huh and now has the
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capability to break down put to commercial goes
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from c. v. so basically doing evolution they have good permanently eating bacteria which then
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have been putting it in the in a intel michael bole and by doing so have scalp to us as we are
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and of course a scout at our house and of course an important issue to consider in terms of
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of processed food and of course the michael bowman sculpted over time and
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in the babies but breast feeding a formula feeding and the little
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popular so treatments of into brought takes a nutritional preferences are
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in their doubt uh_huh and of course being started in the elderly so the of course they're interesting
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a book going on how this changes all co what influences just changes
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which part of the michael bowman stable which one can be changed
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and even hear lots of excellent talks about this topic this is just a very superficial
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introduction so forgive me if i if i'm missing something
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and there's of cause uh another issue in pieces
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it's not just a particular region that's outside and then or the the
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got luminance and of course intact is that it still may um
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but of course we have important to scouting our immunity and of course immunity meaning our
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reaction to to mit isn't and tolerances
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and and what i find really interesting is that seventy percent of our immune system actually lives
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in the in testing so that all mostly living no spleen or a a plot of land floats
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but in casting is actually by far the largest immune system so that p. so that he salsa
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plasma cell centre board is that i go to a t. cells the very you maybe
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innate immune cells within here of course later in in the talking and and
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and of course this this permanent interplay between the captain michael bole
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talking to that she limped talking to the new cells and but when so changing immunity in scouting
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have c. immune system so this is how it basically looks it's a beautiful image of of
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that is the it is really um and the descriptor captures
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the concrete examples the various sub types of t. cells
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so a little bit about something i have been doing over the years so many and and
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uh though many years ago but actually clothes gene called angel pins in converting enzyme number two
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when flight genetic so now what we're we're not here yet and genetic engineering to make flies estes
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they're getting yeah but it's still a little complex now
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and over the years we figured out that turns out to be master regulator
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of the rain in injured tones insistent it controls up operations with you
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up with blake is is the system which bottom it's of not quite sure how function kidney disease
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which was quite are cool and then drove the figured out that it's actually the essential
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receptor for the sauce cool not by ah so this is
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how the soft white was actually into sauce else
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which is also interesting in in figuring out some some vinyl into reverse actors so
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this is actually the sars virus are not compromise the by laws cannot replicate
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and then i realised and found paper that the sauce bylaws replicates in the got it is really
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which didn't make any sense and so we started to actually look if those will
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turn that invoking on for for ten years compliment heart function about special
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but the actual switched last implant be present and they got it she leo and amazingly enough uh_huh
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it's actually at the outside at the luminance office of the not
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helium so it's highly expressed his little brooklyn cool things to
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so this back the question boat is the master regulator of population control actually doing
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in the that she knew so what it's doing there and uh_huh turns out
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and he's through contours expansion of put tickle amino acids pants pockets
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so it had a completely different function uh as described in control
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of that question and actually what it does is it controls
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a single amino acids transporters it but doing so components to uptake of
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particle amino acids from the tired from the diet to be eat
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and one of the amino acids actually trip to find an essential amino acid
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and as a consequence this mutant animals actually have reduced levels off at the fan
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and as a consequence of this but actually found is this meiosis
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super susceptible to get intimate away all this is um
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and so the question was then uh_huh could does actually explain
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well one of the the explanations how ma notation uh
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in people who who don't get enough to eat or people with anorexia
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uh could does actually explain by this leads to information of the intestine entire yes
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and so but they actually you also the there's big you developed
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of tired for animals which was script different for you
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and when you do this and we got the call like this when customer information
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does this little part here and the animals develop supposed to be a collects
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and uh_huh business developed there is it is collide prison and actually started to trip
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the friend again recently peptide because this to happen transport to still active
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then we could basic common my part collectors again so i'm pretty isn't was turns out that
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it's more like your uh antwerp different or regulate the ecology of the captain michael bell
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and i will put it all together what it'll be made it actually on the on
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the cover of of nature there because in essence what we had found is
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this is a very important molecule how tied to have in the last uh taken up in the intestine
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and this thing happens to the moon system in the cup to innate immunity
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and because in that the new it is changed because of the
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change in diet because of tied to have a trip different
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uh uh the bacteria change in the cup and because the bacteria
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change in in test in this animals become susceptible to
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information so we belief this could be one of the explanation uh probably many explanations out there
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how malnutrition leads to inflammation of the intestine ontario's
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because if there's not enough of the essential amino acid trip to fan innate immunity changes and they got the
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microphone changes in the captain of causal does they don't quite feel cool uh changing the michael but home
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the microbial changes and this of course leads them to
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susceptibility to information so this was former recent review
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about our work so this is is to controlling the summary no acid transporter of cause
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to to find out which fruits uh i'm sure trip to find this is just the surface of many other
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foot factors which could be very similar things inferences they got that
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was really on the microbial here and it's also influences
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byron macabre lights which are being generated downstream of paper fan
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the directly influence the indians just come probably at the end of the day
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that is uh but we'll all go is that might figure out over
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the next uh years and decades how put tickle uh and uh
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of fruit loops change and at being but populist in the in the intestine
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how does not couple lights than actually bite taken over sept us a particular innate immune cells
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are kept on how the thing it into the microbial and of course but doing so
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this uh particular nutrients than would scout immunity
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and but stopping unit to and of course metabolism in many other functions scott house so
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i do believe slowly we can move into the direction of a molecular description
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how food and nutrients happen to in unity and
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couple to metabolism in hell's entire body
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so this of course only the surface of it so recently the verb is nice papers published in nature
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but another a product from the not my problem could we provide
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can type to change for instance regular pretty souls a pen whitman has beautiful book published it
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but to call up but it in the test in control but as cell type
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call the teen help a seventeen cell which might be a link between top microphones
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and uh psyched is so if this is a leo then one could actually does nutritional interventions
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uh reduce incidence of us liked is which would be spectacular if possible of course there's lots of of up to
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be down adjust to bring this back to to the creation and and of course put in the larger context
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is this reason start is just publish the artificial sweeteners
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a change to coast tall and it's um
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uh one can of course you know see the data's one
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wants it and uh_huh and itself was very interesting issue
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and and just another anecdote than in the school of my twelve year
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old daughter for instance to tell them please don't think uh
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a diet cokes and and and soft range so
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of its official speak to know so this is kind of already feel that we need to the schools i was
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last week i was invited that that michael bill between in two won't put the hospital
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for sick it's in an older bikes uh you cannot find any diet uh
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soft drink anymore so that just sort of soft drinks was this older should because
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so i think one has to face these issues because the published in nature that this costs in the
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in the popular press and a former former student of
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mine he actually did a very similar experiments
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it's not published yet in in in post awful lot in fly and it changes the behaviour
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so um so actually does the issues he have to figure out and and
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of course it needs a lot of research a lot of thought
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because at the end of the day than many many questions uh
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motors this one or the us but uh the questions of
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uh hum candy ever figure out the michael bolton to develop
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in in groups or can define as single uh
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uh but yeah they offer incense bitch because mulder made put in the local and then we you know we can
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it moderate incidents of us hike to us um can defeat newborns but to call the
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uh but yeah yeah to push them a uh_huh into allergic in fact for the future
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actually to lots of issues of the shoes off what's the chicken or
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the egg uh how can we really established in the complex
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a tissue like this is our sense of different bacteria
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uh how can be established course i like t. how do we really know that that particular
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subgroup of bacteria is responsible for easy to for instance what is actually obesity
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changing of foot up taken due to an uptake and this is
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the reason why the michael bowman changes to sink them lots of questions uh
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and some of the questions will be discussed it's a it's a it's a valid yet exciting time it's a very important
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issue uh_huh well company for next year and of course for
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global hell's business came opportunities because if one figures out
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how nutrition particular food groups feed into and uh in test in
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like it was hell syntax since give us a uh_huh
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a change audience systems and you can societies of old also suitability is
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going to came close behaviours punishment is a very intriguing abate too
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to possibly make a major impact on the house and this worked so listings a backchannel
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and into the use of a speaker will and the force who has
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studied biochemistry and obtain a p. h. d. at calming in university
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uh yeah and all that much blank institute for molecular
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genetics and billy and so is since twenty five
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years is a professor darkening in university uh also holds
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it yeah uh in microbiology and is it
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office of the universe it with works with the academy of sciences in the university of helsinki
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isn't on many many prices up the price uh i uh i like is the the
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netherlands most into probably not real scientists of what some maybe you can tell us
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about how you can mind that michael bone for new
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business opportunities isn't that many of the other plate
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chemistry on could be broken and of course yes made
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major major contributions on on the molecular uh
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a composition of the michael bole on the matter channel mix of the mike problems uh
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and the whole system off it and and he of course is
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made major contributions on michael bowman the intestinal tract of humans
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so it's not just my as my favourites pieces of the puzzle
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filler but this says is that 'cause actually real impact
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i'm human house and so thank you so much for